|
| instruments_list = }} ''Philae'' ( or ) is a robotic European Space Agency lander that accompanied the ''Rosetta'' spacecraft until it landed on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, more than ten years after departing Earth. On 12 November 2014, the probe achieved the first-ever soft landing on a comet nucleus. Its instruments obtained the first images from a comet's surface. ''Philae'' is monitored and operated from DLR's Lander Control Center in Cologne, Germany.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rosetta Lander Control Center )〕 Several of the instruments on ''Philae'' made the first direct analysis of a comet, sending back data that will be analysed to determine the composition of the surface. The lander is named after the Philae obelisk, which bears a bilingual inscription and was used along with the Rosetta Stone to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs. On 15 November 2014, ''Philae'' entered safe mode, or hibernation, after its batteries ran down due to reduced sunlight and an off-nominal spacecraft orientation at its unplanned landing site. Mission controllers hoped that additional sunlight on the solar panels by August 2015 might be sufficient to reboot the lander. ''Philae'' communicated sporadically with ''Rosetta'' from 13 June to 9 July 2015. == Mission == ''Philae'' mission was to land successfully on the surface of a comet, attach itself, and transmit data about the comet's composition. The ''Rosetta'' spacecraft and ''Philae'' lander were launched on an Ariane 5G+ rocket from French Guiana on 2 March 2004, 07:17 UTC, and travelled for 3,907 days (10.7 years) to Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Unlike the ''Deep Impact'' probe, which by design struck comet Tempel 1's nucleus on 4 July 2005, ''Philae'' is not an impactor. Some of the instruments on the lander were used for the first time as autonomous systems during the Mars flyby on 25 February 2007. CIVA, one of the camera systems, returned some images while the ''Rosetta'' instruments were powered down, while ROMAP took measurements of the Martian magnetosphere. Most of the other instruments need contact with the surface for analysis and stayed offline during the flyby. An optimistic estimate of mission length following touchdown was "four to five months". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Philae (spacecraft)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|